Filter



UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.A

` IRA II. JEWELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FILTER srncmoaTIoN forming pm of Letters Patent No. 649,41 1, dated May s, 190e.

' Appunti@ nea mail 15, 1900. seria No; am. (No modem To all whom/it may concern.'

Beit known that I, IRA I-I. JEWELL, of Chicago,-in.the county of Cook and State of llli- -nois, have invented certain new and useful" A Improvements in Filters; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon; which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in mechanical filters of that class embracing a tank, a granular filter bed in said tank through which the water passes to free the saire of impurities held therein, a screened opening or openings below the filter bed through which the filtered water passes, and means below said screened opening or openings for disposing of the filtered water.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction and operation of such filters;

and the invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and more particularly point ed out in the appended claims. In the drawings, Figure l is a central vertical section` of the filter embodying my invention." Fig. 2 is a horizontal section looking upwardly, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

As shown in said drawings, A designates a tank which is herein shown as made cylindrie and which contains the filterbed, and B designates a hol ow column for supporting said tank, provided at its lower end with a suitably-shaped base B', having abottom wall b. The supporting-column Bis in this instance made of considerably-less diameter than the tankAa'nd, as herein shown, is made cylindric. Said column serves as a'support for the tank A and filter-bed and is located below the discharge-opening A of the tank in position to receive the filtered water as it passes'from the bed and is connected with suitable pipes for the disposal of the water. Said tubular column form contains the screen which supports parts of Vthe granular filter-bed. Said tank is prov vided wit-h a reduced portion A' at its lower end, herein shown as made conical, and the extreme lower end of said tank is made of-v 5o vthe same-size as the upper end of the column,

and said lower end of' the `-tank and upper end of the column are also in the approved provided 'with annuL lar radial flanges a b, which are clamped together` by means of bolts a in such manner as to afford a water-tight joint. The parts A- A of said tank may and desirably will be made of `sheet metal and the column is desirably made of cast-iron. 'lhe tankis here vin shown as closedat its upper end by an end wall A2 and which is employed when the filter is of the pressure type. In case it is desired to construct a gravity-filter the said top wall A2 is omitted. A suitable manholecover Ai is provided in the top wall to aiord access to the filter for the purpose of placing the filter-bed or other purpose. The filterbed C occupies the greater portion of the tank A, but does not entirely fill the same.

' D designates a vertical pipe located centrally of the bed, and projects above the same within the open space in the upper end of the tank and is provided at its upper end with a flaring or funnel-shaped mouth D. The said pipe is directed at its lower end at an angle outwardly through tlie conical wall A of the tank and is connected outside of said wall with a pipe D2, which latter is connected at its end remote from the tank with a raw-water inlet pipe D3 and with a wash-water-outlet pipe D4. Said pipes Da and D4 are provided with valves d a'. The pipe D serves when the filter is in operation to deliver the raw water to the top of the filter-,hed, the valve d at this -time being open and the valve d being closed, and serves when the filter is being washed by reversing the filtered water upwardly through the bed to carry ofi the Washwater charged with tlfe impurities 'dislodged from the bed. During this washing of the filter the valve d in the pipe D3 will be closed, while the valve d' in the pipe D4 will be open.

-B2 designates a pipe which is connected with the hollow base-column near the lower end thereof for carrying the pure or filtered water away from the filterf Said pipe B2 desirably is connected with the column adistanoe above` the bottom thereof, so thatany sand escaping through the screen will fall to the bottom-of the column and be trapped therein.

Ba designates a wash-water-inlet pipe counected with the tubular `base-column and through .which the reverse washing-current is supplied to said tubular column.

'B4 designates an air-inlet pipe which leads into the tubular column-base near 'the lower end thereof and by which a current of air may be delivered-to the filter-bed 'from below for the purpose of oxygenating the bed or for the lpurpose of aiding to agitate the bed when they usual operation of the iilt'er supports that x5 pa rt of the filter-bed which is located vertically thereover and through which the iiltered water passes from the bed to the-tubular in teriorof said column. Said screen is made of a ldiameter approximately equal t'o that of the column and is so arranged-within the tu-- bular coluinn as to be readily accessible from the exterior thereof for the purpose of cleansing or renewing the screen, being in this respect'similar to that shown in my prior United lStates Letters Patent No. 646,837, granted April "3, 1900. The screen is interposed between up r andlower clamping spiders or rings E E and said spiders are interposed between an. upper annular inwardly-extending radial lange B5 and a" plurality of radiallyextending lugs. B, located below said auge. Set-screws b3 pass upwardly through said lugs and impinge at .their upper ends against the lower clam ping-ring and act to clamp the rings tightly against the flange B and to afford a water-tightjoint between the same. .If found desirable, a packing-ring may be interposed betweensaid screen-rings and said flange B5. In order to facilitate the insertion of the screen-'rings into the space between the lower lugs B and 1the upper flange B", said rings are provided on their peripheries with a plu, rality, of vertically-alined notches e, equal in number to the lugs and located about the peripher'lesot the rings in a manner to correspon'd with the, circumferential disposition of the luga. In inserting said rings in place the rings will .be turned to bring the notches in yline .with said lugs, which will permit the said rings to be raised upwardly into contact with the said flange B5, after which said rings will be given a slight-rotation to bring the imperforate'parts of the'rings in line with said lugs, which will prevent the said rings from dropping downwardly out of place. The setscrews willithereafter be tightened to hold the' said rings in proper contact'with the lian ge B5. A valve F is provided, which is located abve the screen E and between the same and the lter-bed. Said valve is adapted to .be

closed when it is desired toremove the screen for the purposev of cleansing or repairing the same, so .as to prevent the filter-bed.' from dropping downwardly into the interior of the supporting-column. tially the saine as the like parte shown in my said priorpatent, being only different from plate The valve is substan lthat construction in its-details. The valve consists of a ho'rzontal sliding plate which slides on a flange b within the columnand projects at one end through a slot in the side wall of the colum n, so as to befconnected with actuatingmeanslocatedoutsideofthecolumn, bywhichitis moved into `and out'of its closing position. The means for m'oving said valve inwardly and outwardly consists of a screw-threaded'shaft F', which has screw;

- threaded engagement with a tubular plug F4,

which fits within the outer edge of the valve- Said shaft is rotatively mounted in a casin g F, which projects radially outwardly from the side walls from the column and pro-. vided with a space F3 of proper dimensions .to receive the valve-plate F when in its outward. or closing position. Said valve-plate is provided with a bore f, (indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) into which the screw-shaft F' passes as the valve-plate moves outwardly. The valvestem F' passes outwardly from said casing through a frame F, which may be made integral with said casing, and th'e shaft is provided at its outer end with ahand wheel F", by which the shaft may be rotated. The shaft is provided inside of the outer part of the frame with a collar F", which is Astationary with the shaft and bears against the frame Fis in such manner as to take the outward thrust given to the shaft when the same is rotated to move the valve inwardly, and the hub f of the hand-wheel F serves as a shoulder to take `the inward thrust brought on said shaft when the valve is being moved outwardly by rotation of said screw-shaft.- A

stuffing-box is provided between vthe casing F2 and the shaft to afford a water-tight joint between said parts. 'lhe advance and side edges f 2 of said valve are inclined, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to shift the granular filtering material resting thereon upwardly out of its path when the valve is moved into its closing position.

The column is provided at one side thereof, near the screen, with an opening G, which is closed by a removable door G',.secured to the column' in any suitable manner, and through whichopening access may be had to the in-l terior of thecolumn for the purpose of cleaning the screen or for the purpose of removing and replacing the screen. Said opening also aiords access tothe sand-trap at the lower end of the column, through which the sand caught therein may be removed. As a convenient construction the column is' made of two partsjoined near the screen, and said parte are provided with overlapping annular radially-extending flanges b, through which holding-boltsb5 pass to clamp said parts together. A

When it is desiredto 'remove the screen for the purpose of cleaning nrrepairing the same, the valve will be closed, after which the screen may be removed by partially rotating the clamping-rings to bring the notches therein in line with thelugs, at which time said screen and holding-rings may be removed from the tubular column through the opening G. Said screen may obviously be cleaned without removing the same-as, for instance, by means of ay brush or the like introduced through the opening G and brought into contact with the bottom of the screen.

The lower or reduced end of the tank is filled with a filtering medium which is coarser than the upper part of the bed-such,'for instance, as pebbles or the like C'=which rest partly on the screen and extend slightly above the V conical part of the tank. Said coarser medium is separated from the part C ofthe bed by means of a screen G2 of such character as to prevent the pebbles from rising upwardi y out of place when the filter is being washed by reversing the water therethrough. In case the reverse-current-be under a low pressure said screen may be omitted. Said layer of coarse filtering material extends slightly above the conical part of the tank, so that the slight loss from the bottom thereof occasioned by the removal of the screen (which will occur only at infrequent intervals) will not bring the upper surface of this part of the bed below the cylindric part of the tank. The purpose of such layer of coarse filtering material is to more effectively deflect the water through the bed when the bed is being washed by the reverse-current, the presence of such medium acting to defiect the water outwardly, so as to come in contact with all parts of the snperposed bed.

The general form of filter herein shown, whether made as a pressure or gravity acting flter,constitntes a very con venient individual filter, which may be made of any size desired up to the limit at which it is practicable to make a single screen. Such individual filter is suitable for use in restaurants, hotels, or

in large office-buildings, 'where the same mayV be connected with the water-inlet pipe, so as to filter all or a part of the water used at such places, and the construction of the filter is such that it takes up a minimum amount of room compared to its filtering capacity.

The main or principal feature of my invention-to wit, the combined screen and supporting-colum'n-may be embodied in a filter of large area, either ot' the pressure or gravity type, and `having a plurality of screens, and the broader claims are not limited tothe individual filter illustrated.

I claim as my inventionl. In a filter, a tank for a granular lterbed provided with a discharge-opening, a tubular supporting-column for said tank with which sai discharge-opening communicates, a screen between the filter-bedand the lower end of the column, said lower end of 'the column being construct-'ed to aod afilteredwater chamber and a sand-trap, and provided with an opening afordin g access to the `sand-trap.

2. Ina filter, a tank for the granular fill terbed provided with a discharge-opening, a tubular supporting-column for the -tank provided with efiluent-orifice and means between the screen and effluent-orifice permitting ac-4 cess to the screen. v

v3. I-n a filter, a tank for the granular filter-bed provided with a discharge-opening through which the water passes from the filter-b'ed, atnbular column beneath said opening and supporting that part of thc tank and filter-bed located above the same, a screen removably contained within said column and means for maintaining said filter-bed substantially-intact while permitting the screen to be removed.

4. vIn a filter, a tank for the granular filter-bed provided with a discharge-opening through which the water passes from the filter-bed, a tub'ular column beneath said opening and supporting that part of the tank and filter-bed located above the same and a screen removably contained within said column, said column being constructed to afford access to closely adjacent to the screen for shut-ting ofi the filter-bed fronrthe screen.

6. A filter comprising an upright tank having an opening at its bottom, a hollow supporting-colurnn, a screen removably contained within said column, means for closing said column above said screen, said column being provided below said screen .i'ith an opening; and a closure for said opening.

7. A filter comprising a tank, a hollow supporting-column therefor, a screen contained within said column, inlet andl outlet pipes connected with the lower end of the column, a raw-waterin1et pipe passing through the lower wall of the filter and upwardly through IIO the filter-bed, a valve in said inlet-pipe, and` a wash-water-outlet pipe connected with said inlet-pipe and provided with a valve.

8. A tubular screen-holder for filters constructed to afford a support for that part of the filter located above the same and to afford access to the screen.

9. In a filter, a tank for the filter-bed, a tubular column screen-holder located thereunder and constructed to afford a support for that part of the filter located over the same, anda filtered-water-outlet pipe connected with said column a distance above the bottom wall thereof.

10. A tubular screen holder `located beneath a filter-bed, a screen thereon, and a valve between the bed and screen, said valve consisting ot` a flat plate which is inclined on its upper surface at the front and side edges thereof.

11. The combination with a tubular screenholder, a screen therein, and a frame support' ing the screen, of vertically-separated radially-extending parts on the interior Wall of the holder between which the screen-frame is locked.

1;. The combination with a tubular screenholder, a screen therein and a frame supporting the screen and surrounding the same, of a radial flange in said holder, a plurality of circumferentially-separated radial 1u gs below said flange said frame being provided with a plurality of marginal notches circumferentially disposed to correspond with the position of the lugs, and set-screws passing through the lugs and inipinging against the screen.

13. A filter comprising a tank having a tapered lower end, a screen at the lower end of the tank in line with an opening in said tank, and a granular filter-bed within the tank, the part of said bed contained within the tapered portion of the tank being made of granules relatively larger than those composing the upper part, whereby water passing upwardly therethrough in washing the filter is laterally deflected so as to be distributed throughout all parts of the bed.

14. A filter comprising a tank'having a tapered lower end,'and an opening at thebottom of the same, a screen at the lower end of the tank in line with said opening, a granular filter-bed within said tank, the 'part of said bed contained within the tapered portion of the tank bein g made 0f relatively-large gra'nules whereby water passing upwardly therethrough in vwashing the filter is laterally deflected so as to be distributed throughout all parts of the bed and a screen interposed between said larger granules and the part of the bed above the same.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 13th day of March, A. D. 1900.

IRA 1l. JEYVELL.

Witnesses: v

WILLIAM L'. HALL, C. A. NEALF.. 

